Albert Einstein's Theory of Relativity

By webeater


The Theory of Relativity, proposed by Albert Einstein, is actually two interlinked theories: Special Relativity and General Relativity. Together, they revolutionized our understanding of space, time, gravity, and motion.

1. Special Relativity (1905)

Focuses on objects moving at constant speeds, especially near the speed of light.

Key ideas:

  • The speed of light is constant for all observers, regardless of their motion.
  • Time dilation: Time moves slower for fast-moving observers.
  • Length contraction: Fast-moving objects appear shorter.
  • Mass-energy equivalence: E = mc² — mass is a form of energy.

Effect: Time and space are not absolute—they're relative to the observer’s motion.

2. General Relativity (1915)

Extends the theory to include acceleration and gravity.

Key ideas:

  • Gravity is not a force, but the curvature of space-time caused by mass and energy.
  • Objects follow the curves in space-time, like marbles rolling on a bent trampoline.
  • Predicts phenomena like black holes, gravitational waves, and time dilation near massive objects.

Effect: Massive bodies warp the fabric of space-time—this is gravity.

In essence:

The Theory of Relativity shattered Newton’s rigid universe. It told us:
Time bends. Space flexes. And reality depends on how fast—and how close—you are to mass and light.

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